At the time that this report was put together, user-controlled research had been developed by service users and their organisations as a new approach to undertaking research and evaluation. This report outlines the findings of a research project into the definition, nature and operation of user-controlled research as it was being practiced. This report begins by tracing the origins of user-controlled research and defining the practice. It then outlines good practice for user-controlled research projects, and explores whether researchers need to be service users in user-controlled research projects. It outlines the benefits of user-controlled research and the barriers to its development, and explores the future of user-controlled research.